Palpitations

What are Palpitations?

Palpitations describe the sensation of feeling your own heart beating. This might feel like your heart is fluttering, pounding, racing, or skipping beats. While palpitations can be unsettling, they are often harmless. However, in some cases, they might indicate a more serious condition.

What Causes Palpitations?

Various factors and conditions can cause palpitations, including:

  • Lifestyle Triggers: Consumption of caffeine, nicotine, alcohol; certain medications and herbal supplements; stress or anxiety; strenuous exercise.

  • Medical Conditions: Hormonal changes (like pregnancy or menopause), thyroid disorders, low blood sugar, dehydration, low blood pressure, fever.

  • Heart-Related Conditions: Arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms), heart disease, heart valve issues, heart muscle problems.

Symptoms Accompanying Palpitations:

While the sensation of heartbeats is the primary symptom, other symptoms may accompany palpitations, such as:

  • Dizziness or lightheadedness

  • Shortness of breath

  • Chest pain or discomfort

  • Sweating

  • Fainting or near-fainting

When to Seek Medical Attention:

You should consult a doctor if:

  • Palpitations are frequent, persistent, or increasing in frequency/intensity.

  • You have a history of heart disease or risk factors.

  • Palpitations come with dizziness, confusion, chest discomfort, or fainting.

Diagnosis & Treatment:

Your doctor may use various methods to diagnose the cause of palpitations:

  • Medical History & Physical Exam: Discussing your symptoms and triggers.

  • ECG (Electrocardiogram): Measures electrical activity of the heart.

  • Holter Monitor: A portable ECG device worn for a day or more.

  • Event Monitor: A device to record occasional palpitations.

  • Echocardiogram: An ultrasound of the heart.

Treatment depends on the cause. Many palpitations require no treatment, while others might necessitate medications, lifestyle changes, or procedures.

Living with Palpitations:

  • Monitor Triggers: Track and avoid known triggers.

  • Manage Stress: Techniques like meditation, deep breathing, and exercise can help.

  • Limit Stimulants: Reduce or eliminate caffeine, nicotine, and certain medications.