What is SVT?

Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) is an abnormal rapid heartbeat that originates above the heart's ventricles. The term "tachycardia" refers to a fast heart rate, usually above 100 beats per minute in adults. SVT episodes can be brief or last for hours.

Causes of SVT:

The heart's electrical system typically controls its rhythm. SVT occurs when faulty electrical connections or circuits in the heart cause a rapid heartbeat. Causes and triggers include:

• Electrical pathway problems present at birth.

• Stress or anxiety.

• Caffeine or nicotine.

• Certain medications and drugs.

• Hormonal changes during menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause.

Common Symptoms:

During an SVT episode, one might experience:

• Heart palpitations (a rapid, fluttering, or pounding feeling in the chest).

• Dizziness or lightheadedness.

• Shortness of breath.

• Chest pain or discomfort.

• Fainting (syncope).

Diagnosis & Treatment:

Diagnosis often involves:

• ECG (Electrocardiogram): Records the heart's electrical activity.

• Holter Monitor: A portable device worn to capture heart rhythms over 24-48 hours.

• Event Monitor: Records heart activity over several weeks.

• Electrophysiology Study: Tests the heart's electrical system in detail.

Treatment varies depending on frequency and severity:

• Vagal Maneuvers: Actions like coughing or bearing down can stop some SVT episodes.

• Medications: Can control heart rate or prevent episodes.

• Cardioversion: A shock to the heart to reset its rhythm.

• Catheter Ablation: A procedure to destroy the problematic electrical pathway.

• Lifestyle Changes: Avoiding triggers, managing stress, and monitoring caffeine or alcohol intake.

Living with SVT:

• Understand your triggers and try to avoid them.

• If you experience an episode, try vagal maneuvers as instructed by your doctor.

• Take medications as prescribed.

• Regularly follow up with your cardiologist.

• Educate family and close friends about your condition, so they know how to assist during an episode.