What is Sudden Cardiac Death?

Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) is an unexpected death due to cardiac causes that occurs within a short time period (usually within 1 hour of symptom onset) in a person with or without known pre-existing heart disease. It's often caused by abnormalities in the heart's electrical system.

Causes of SCD:

The most common causes include:

• Coronary Heart Disease: A buildup of plaque in the arteries can block blood flow, leading to a heart attack.

• Cardiac Arrhythmias: Particularly ventricular fibrillation, where the heart quivers and can't pump blood effectively.

• Congenital Heart Defects: Inherited structural heart abnormalities.

• Cardiomyopathies: Diseases of the heart muscle.

• Certain medications, drug abuse, and heavy alcohol use can also increase the risk.

Warning Signs:

While SCD can occur without warning, some may experience preceding symptoms like:

• Chest discomfort or pain

• Shortness of breath

• Palpitations

• Lightheadedness or dizziness

• Fainting

Prevention & Risk Management:

• Regular Check-ups: Periodic heart evaluations, especially if there's a family history of SCD or known heart conditions.

• Lifestyle Choices: Adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle – balanced diet, regular exercise, avoiding smoking, and limiting alcohol.

• Medications: Taking prescribed medicines for heart conditions, such as those for high blood pressure or cholesterol.

• Devices: In high-risk patients, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) may be recommended. It monitors heart rhythm and delivers electric shocks to restore a normal rhythm if needed.

Immediate Response to Suspected SCD:

If someone collapses and is unresponsive:

1. Call emergency services immediately.

2. Begin CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation). Push hard and fast in the center of the chest.

3. Use an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) if available. These devices provide voice prompts and can deliver a shock to the heart if necessary.